Django在视图中使用表单并和数据库进行数据交互的实现_python_

# MyDjango/urls.py """MyDjango URL Configuration The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views 1. Add an import: from my_app import views 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home') Class-based views 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home') Including another URLconf 1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls')) """ from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, include urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('', include(('index.urls', 'index'), namespace='index')) ] # index/urls.py #!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- # author:HP # datetime:2021/6/15 15:35 from django.urls import path, re_path from .views import * urlpatterns = [ path('', index, name='index'), ] 

""" Django settings for MyDjango project. Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.0.8. For more information on this file, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/settings/ For the full list of settings and their values, see https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/ """ import os # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...) BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/ # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret! SECRET_KEY = '6##c(097i%=eyr-uy!&m7yk)+ar+_ayjghl(p#&(xb%$u6*32s' # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production! DEBUG = True ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', # add a new app index 'index', 'mydefined' ] MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware', ] ROOT_URLCONF = 'MyDjango.urls' TEMPLATES = [ { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')] , 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ 'django.template.context_processors.debug', 'django.template.context_processors.request', 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', ], }, }, ] ''' { 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.jinja2.Jinja2', 'DIRS': [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates'), ], 'APP_DIRS': True, 'OPTIONS': { 'environment': 'MyDjango.jinja2.environment' }, }, ''' WSGI_APPLICATION = 'MyDjango.wsgi.application' # Database # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), } } # Password validation # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [ { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator', }, { 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator', }, ] # Internationalization # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/ LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us' TIME_ZONE = 'UTC' USE_I18N = True USE_L10N = True USE_TZ = True # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images) # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/ STATIC_URL = '/static/' STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static') ] 

from django.db import models class PersonInfo(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=20) age = models.IntegerField() # hireDate = models.DateField() def __str__(self): return self.name class Meta: verbose_name = '人员信息' class Vocation(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) job = models.CharField(max_length=20) title = models.CharField(max_length=20) payment = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) person = models.ForeignKey(PersonInfo, on_delete=models.CASCADE) def __str__(self): return str(self.id) class Meta: verbose_name = '职业信息' 

python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate 

#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- # author:HP # datetime:2021/6/24 14:55 from django import forms from .models import * from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError def payment_validate(value): if value > 30000: raise ValidationError('请输入合理的薪资') class VocationForm(forms.Form): job = forms.CharField(max_length=20, label='职位') title = forms.CharField(max_length=20, label='职称', widget=forms.widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'cl'}), error_messages={'required': '职称不能为空'}) payment = forms.IntegerField(label='薪资', validators=[payment_validate]) value = PersonInfo.objects.values('name') choices = [(i+1, v['name']) for i, v in enumerate(value)] person = forms.ChoiceField(choices=choices, label='姓名') def clean_title(self): data = self.cleaned_data['title'] return '初级' + data 

 {% if v.errors %} 
 数据出错了，错误信息：{{ v.errors }} 
 {% else %} 
 {% csrf_token %}  {{ v.as_table }} 
 {% endif %} 

from django.shortcuts import render from django.http import HttpResponse from index.form import VocationForm from .models import * def index(request): # GET请求 if request.method == 'GET': id = request.GET.get('id', '') if id: d = Vocation.objects.filter(id=id).values() d = list(d)[0] d['person'] = d['person_id'] i = dict(initial=d, label_suffix='*', prefix='vv') # 将参数i传入表单VocationForm执行实例化 v = VocationForm(**i) else: v = VocationForm(prefix='vv') return render(request, 'index.html', locals()) # POST请求 else: # 由于在GET请求设置了参数prefix # 实例化时必须设置参数prefix，否则无法获取POST的数据 v = VocationForm(data=request.POST, prefix='vv') if v.is_valid(): # 获取网页控件name的数据 # 方法一 title = v['title'] # 方法二 # cleaned_data将控件name的数据进行清洗 ctitle = v.cleaned_data['title']
                
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